Key Insight: New trial is ordered when city intentionally withholds or inadequately searches for police recordings.
Nature of Case: use of excessive force by police
Electronic Data Involved: police dispatcher recording
Keywords: OMEC record, traffic stop, police dispatch, zone 6 audio
Key Insight: if sanctions can be granted for inconsistent and incomplete response from opposing party
Nature of Case: violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and the New York Labor Law
Electronic Data Involved: initial interrogatories and verifications
Keywords: spoliation, sanctions, default judgment, defunct business, unreachable party
Key Insight: For defendant?s failure to preserve and produce relevant evidence, copies or versions of which were discovered on a third party?s hard drive (e.g. correspondence between Defendant?s employee and the third party that were not preserved and produced by the defendant), the court found that Plaintiff ?suffered some prejudice? and thus sanctioned Defendant by taking it as ?established fact? that Defendant had similar communications with all of its ?Order Entry Retailers? (of which the relevant third party was one) of the same ?substantive type and quantity? as those discovered on the third party?s hard drive
Nature of Case: FTC Investigation: TCPA
Electronic Data Involved: ESI, email
Key Insight: In this criminal case, a pro se defendant sought sanctions, including dismissal of the indictment, for the Government?s failure to preserve text messages relevant to its investigation. Upon examination of the facts, including the Government?s acknowledged failure to preserve certain texts and constantly changing explanations surrounding that failure as well as the ?different level of diligence? applied to different text messages (care was taken to preserve messages belonging to a cooperating witness), the court determined sanctions were warranted. Accordingly, the court ordered that the Government would be precluded from using any text messages in its case-in-chief and reserved judgement until trial regarding the propriety of an adverse inference instruction.
Nature of Case: Criminal
Electronic Data Involved: Text messages
Key Insight: Court granted in part plaintiff?s motion for attorneys? fees, where defendant had used software to wipe a PC and a laptop, deleting and overwriting more than 62,000 files, and violated a court order, and stalled the discovery process. Court denied in part plaintiff?s motion for sanctions, however, instead granting leave for new depositions, saying that while its order ?does not address the loss of evidence that may establish willful infringement,? the alleged infringing materials ?are available for the jury to assess whether infringement has incurred or not.?
Nature of Case: Trade dress and Trademark infringement
Electronic Data Involved: Email and ESI on hard drive
Key Insight: For multiple discovery violations by Defendant and counsel, including improper certification of discovery responses pursuant to Rule 26(g), failure to issue a litigation hold or appropriately supervise discovery, and intentional deletion of responsive materials and delayed production, the court imposed multiple discovery sanctions, including attorneys? fees and costs, issue sanctions, and an adverse inference; notably, the court indicated sanctions would have been imposed under New Rule 37(e), because the court found that the at-issue ESI was lost with the intent to deprive Plaintiff of the information?s use in the litigation; Update: Compensatory sanctions vacated by District Court upon determination that parties? settlement mooted the issue of compensatory sanctions (—F.Supp.3d—, 2016 WL 1267385 (S.D. Cal. Mar. 15, 2016))
Nature of Case: Trademark infringement, false designation of origin, trade dress infringement, trade libel, unfair competition and interference with prospective economic advantage
Electronic Data Involved: ESI
Key Insight: Appellate court affirmed in part and reversed in part the District Court?s imposition of monetary sanctions for Plaintiff?s many discovery violations, including repeated violation of the court?s orders resulting in belated production of relevant evidence, and found no abuse of discretion for awarding expenses related to Defendants? third motion to compel Plaintiff?s production of relevant hardware, expenses related to the forensic imaging of Plaintiff?s hard drive, expenses related to the redeposition of Plaintiff?s officers (after delayed production of relevant evidence), and litigation expenses as a sanction for withholding emails
Nature of Case: Defamation
Electronic Data Involved: ESI (calendar items, database contents, other)
Key Insight: Court addressed parties? disagreement regarding a search and production protocol and considering three options presented by Plaintiff (1) ?sampling and iterative refinement?; 2) a quick peek at all documents to designate a limited number for production; or 3) production of all documents with search hits subject to a clawback agreement) and defendant?s resistance based in proportionality, reasoned that ?[g]iven that there are 1,047 opt-in plaintiffs, ?potentially hundreds more as class members? in the four states . . . and a possible verdict in eight or nine digits if plaintiffs are successful, defendant?s proportionality argument is unavailing?; court ordered defendant to search files of 8 custodians using its own proposed terms (thus creating a presumption of relevancy) and further ordered that defendant could remove documents from production ?only if they are clearly and undeniably irrelevant? or privileged
Nature of Case: Class action
Electronic Data Involved: ESi
Key Insight: Where Plaintiff alleged it could not access the data produced by defendant?even with the use of specialized software provided by Defendant and the assistance of a third party vendor?and refused the options provided by defendant insisting instead that defendant must re-load the date to ensure it was not corrupted, the court noted Plaintiff?s failure to timely seek a solution to the discovery problems or to mitigate the difficulties by pursuing any of the offered remedial measures and denied the motion to compel access to the at-issue information
Nature of Case: Patent infringement
Electronic Data Involved: ESI (“operational data”)
Key Insight: Finding defendant and counsel in violation of Rule 26(g) for failing to adequately search for discovery (and for their misrepresentations about those efforts), court instructed that ?Rule 26(g) should not be treated like the proverbial stepchild? and that ?Lawyers should not act like ?potted plants? and accept implausible representations from clients . . . .? and also found that sanctions were warranted pursuant to Rule 37(b)(2) for defendant?s violation of the court?s order to produce; accordingly the court imposed sanctions and admonished defendant and counsel for their violation of Rule 26(g) and awarded Plaintiff their fees and costs incurred to obtain the discovery
Nature of Case: Claims arising from alleged plan to terminate franchise agreements
Electronic Data Involved: ESI, hard copy
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