Key Insight: Can the court order additional discovery if a party destroys evidence? Is a prejudice ruling required in a destruction of evidence case?
Nature of Case: Retaliation and discharge
Electronic Data Involved: text messages, emails, social media messages
Keywords: Prejudice, Destruction of evidence, Social media, Text messages
Key Insight: whether an order of default judgment amounts to abuse of discretion given finding of bad faith
Nature of Case: patent infringement / misappropriation of trade secrets
Electronic Data Involved: deleted electronic records
Keywords: spoliation, overwriting, internal clock, laptop, forensic investigation, intent, bad faith, prejudice, ability to control, litigation hold notice, default judgment, adverse inference, deterrence
Key Insight: Spoliation,
Nature of Case: Trade Secrets
Electronic Data Involved: E-mail accounts, electronic evidence, electronic storage devices, personal and work computers, cloud storage accounts
Keywords: Spoliation, Hot Sheets,
Key Insight: Plaintiff failed to respond to discovery requests. Plaintiff also used data wiping software hours before turning computer over for forensic examination. Defendant granted default judgment.
Nature of Case: Repossession/Ownership
Electronic Data Involved: Files on Computer
Keywords: default judgment, contempt, data wipe
Key Insight: Whether plaintiff?s failure to demonstrate allegations leads to summary judgment for defendant
Nature of Case: Copyright Infringement
Electronic Data Involved: external hard-drive, internal hard-drive
Keywords: bittorrent, torrent
Key Insight: For one defendant?s repeated use of a cleaning software (?Disk Utility? and its ?Secure Erase Free Space? function) to delete files and loss of a relevant hard drive without an adequate explanation and for another defendant?s loss of relevant ESI, including her intentional deletion of information from the desktop registry and her disposal of her cell phone (which she notably was unaware had been automatically backed up each time it was connected to her computer), ongoing deletion of text messages (on her new phone), and misrepresentations about when the old phone was discarded, the court found that a mandatory adverse inference was warranted and rejected Defendants? argument that the court should decline to employ the adverse inference at the preliminary injunction state, reasoning that the objective of promoting fairness was best served by ?employing an adverse inference at all relevant states of the litigation?; court also ordered defendants to pay Plaintiff?s attorneys fees without seeking reimbursement from their new employer and indicated its intention to forward its decision to the NY Bar in light of one defendant?s status as an attorney
Nature of Case: Misappropriation of trade secrets, breach of “post-employment covenants”
Electronic Data Involved: ESI, hard drive, text messages (iphone)
Key Insight: Court granted in part plaintiff?s motion for attorneys? fees, where defendant had used software to wipe a PC and a laptop, deleting and overwriting more than 62,000 files, and violated a court order, and stalled the discovery process. Court denied in part plaintiff?s motion for sanctions, however, instead granting leave for new depositions, saying that while its order ?does not address the loss of evidence that may establish willful infringement,? the alleged infringing materials ?are available for the jury to assess whether infringement has incurred or not.?
Nature of Case: Trade dress and Trademark infringement
Electronic Data Involved: Email and ESI on hard drive
Key Insight: Trial court erred in granting remarkable discovery sanctions of procedural “death penalty” together with over $1 million in sanctions against plaintiffs, as destroyed evidence did not go to heart of case, but was, instead, impeachment evidence; record did not reflect the required consideration by trial court of appropriate lesser sanctions or an explanation of why case was exceptional and lesser sanctions would be inadequate; and court wrongly awarded attorneys’ fees, expert fees, and costs for the entire case rather than those related only to the sanctionable conduct
Nature of Case: Insurance dispute
Electronic Data Involved: Digital photographs
Key Insight: Where, at time complaint was filed, defendant should have reasonably foreseen that files created by its accused process would be material to the parties’ claims, yet defendant continued to overwrite its files per its standard practice instead of saving the files either manually or automatically, court denied plaintiff’s request for adverse inference instruction but ordered defendant to reconstitute or recreate three complete sequences of old computer code at its own cost
Nature of Case: Patent infringement
Electronic Data Involved: Computer code
Key Insight: Court applied four-part test to determine that defendant acted intentionally and in bad faith to suppress or withhold relevant evidence, but because the prejudice to plaintiffs resulting from the spoliation appeared minimal and plaintiffs did not present any arguments as to how the spoliation prejudiced the ultimate merits of their case, court would only require defendant to pay the cost of the independent computer forensics expert and attorneys’ fees associated with plaintiffs’ motion for spoliation sanctions; court denied all other relief and sanctions sought by plaintiffs
Nature of Case: Defamation, tortious interference with business relationships, civil conspiracy, violations of the Lanham Act
Electronic Data Involved: ESI, computer hard drive
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